Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-12-03 Origin: Site
Alloy steel and stainless steel are two common metal materials, widely used in various fields, such as machinery, construction, chemical industry, medical treatment, etc. So, what is the difference between these two materials?
Alloy steel: about RMB 35,000 to 55,000 per ton, the specific price is affected by market supply and demand, specifications, manufacturers and other factors.
Stainless steel: about RMB 25,000 to 45,000 per ton, the specific price is affected by market supply and demand, specifications, manufacturers and other factors.
It can be seen that the price of alloy steel is higher than that of stainless steel. This is because alloy steel has more rare alloy elements than stainless steel, such as nickel, molybdenum, titanium, etc., which makes it have better performance and quality.
According to the provisions of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), alloy steel and stainless steel can be divided into the following categories according to their chemical composition and microstructure:
Alloy steel: mainly divided into low alloy steel and high alloy steel. Low alloy steel refers to ordinary carbon steel with a small amount of alloy elements such as manganese, silicon, copper, nickel, etc. added to improve its strength, toughness and corrosion resistance. High alloy steel refers to ordinary carbon steel with more alloying elements, such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, etc., added to improve its heat resistance, wear resistance and special properties.
Stainless steel: mainly divided into austenite, martensite, ferrite, duplex and bainite. Austenite refers to stainless steel containing more than 18% chromium, more than 8% nickel, and less than 0.08% carbon content, with good corrosion resistance, plasticity and weldability. Martensite refers to stainless steel containing 12%~18% chromium and more than 0.1% carbon content, with high strength, high hardness and wear resistance. Ferrite refers to stainless steel containing 10.5%~30% chromium and less than 0.2% carbon content, with good oxidation resistance and stress corrosion resistance. Duplex refers to stainless steel containing 18%~28% chromium, 3%~10% nickel, and a small amount of mole (Mo) and other elements, with the dual characteristics of austenite and ferrite. Bainite refers to stainless steel containing about 17% chromium, about 4% nickel, and alloying elements such as copper, aluminum, and titanium, with adjustable strength and hardness.
The production process of alloy steel and stainless steel is as follows:
Alloy steel: The main process is steelmaking-rolling-heat treatment, that is, molten iron and alloying elements are first smelted in a converter or electric furnace, and then the molten steel is poured into ingots or continuous casting billets, and then plastic processing such as rolling or forging is performed, and finally subsequent processes such as heat treatment or surface treatment are performed to improve its structure and performance.
Stainless steel: The main process is smelting-rolling-annealing-pickling, that is, molten iron and alloying elements are first smelted in an electric furnace, and then the molten steel is poured into continuous casting billets, and then plastic processing such as rolling or drawing is performed, and finally heat treatment processes such as annealing or solution treatment are performed to eliminate stress and homogenize the structure, and then surface treatment processes such as pickling or polishing are performed to remove oxide scale and improve gloss.
The scope of application of alloy steel and stainless steel is as follows:
Alloy steel: Mainly suitable for some fields with high requirements for material strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, wear resistance, etc., such as machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, aerospace, nuclear industry, military industry, etc.
Stainless steel: Mainly suitable for some fields with high requirements for material corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, aesthetics, etc., such as architectural decoration, food processing, medical equipment, chemical equipment, household appliances, etc.
The specific uses of alloy steel and stainless steel are as follows:
Alloy steel: It can be used to make various mechanical parts, automobile parts, aviation parts, nuclear reactor parts, missile parts, etc.
Stainless steel: It can be used to make various building decoration materials, food processing equipment, medical equipment, chemical reactors, water pipes, sinks, etc.
The typical product use scenarios of alloy steel and stainless steel are as follows:
Alloy steel: In automobile manufacturing, alloy steel can be used as the material of important parts such as engine cylinder block, crankshaft, connecting rod, etc. to improve its high temperature resistance and wear resistance. In aerospace, alloy steel can be used as the material of key parts such as rocket engines and spacecraft structures to improve their high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance. In the nuclear industry, alloy steel can be used as the material of core parts such as nuclear reactor pressure vessels and control rods to improve their radiation resistance and corrosion resistance.
Stainless steel: In architectural decoration, stainless steel can be used as beautiful and durable materials such as exterior curtain walls, railings, doors and windows. In food processing, stainless steel can be used as hygienic and safe materials such as food containers, tableware, and kitchen utensils. In medical equipment, stainless steel can be used as biologically inert materials such as scalpels, surgical scissors, surgical forceps, bone screws, and stents. In chemical equipment, stainless steel can be used as materials for reactors, heat exchangers, storage tanks, and other acid- and alkali-resistant organic substances.
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