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SS310 stainless steel is renowned for its exceptional high-temperature corrosion resistance, attributed to its unique composition and microstructure. Here's a detailed breakdown:
Chromium (24-26%): Forms a robust, adherent chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) layer at high temperatures, providing resistance to oxidation, sulfidation, and chloridation. This layer self-repairs and prevents further degradation.
Nickel (19-22%): Enhances high-temperature strength, stabilizes the austenitic structure, and resists carburization and thermal creep. Nickel also improves resistance to reducing environments and sulfur compounds.
Silicon (≤1.5%): Boosts oxidation resistance by forming a protective silica layer under extreme heat.
Carbon (≤0.25%): Controlled to minimize carbide precipitation, reducing sensitization risks while maintaining strength.
Austenitic Structure: Offers excellent ductility, toughness, and thermal stability, preventing phase-related embrittlement during thermal cycling. Non-magnetic and weldable.
1. Oxidation: High Cr content ensures a stable Cr₂O₃ layer, effective up to ~1150°C continuously (intermittent use up to 1035°C).
2. Carburization: Ni-rich matrix impedes carbon diffusion, crucial in hydrocarbon processing.
3. Sulfidation: Cr and Ni mitigate attack in sulfur-rich environments (e.g., combustion gases).
4. Chloridation: Cr₂O₃ layer resists chlorine penetration, though less effective than in dry oxidation.
Furnace components, radiant tubes, heat exchangers, burners, and pyrolysis reactors.
Preferred in environments with cyclic heating and corrosive atmospheres (e.g., chemical processing, power generation).
Vs. Lower-Grade Steels (e.g., 304/316): Superior performance in extreme heat but costlier.
Vs. Nickel Alloys (e.g., Inconel): More economical for moderate conditions (≤1150°C), though less capable in extreme temperatures or aggressive halide environments.
Thermal Expansion: Higher coefficient than ferritic steels requires design consideration for thermal cycling.
SS310 excels in high-temperature corrosion resistance due to its optimized Cr-Ni-Si composition and austenitic stability, making it a cost-effective choice for demanding thermal applications where oxidation, carburization, or sulfidation are concerns.
