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S32304 is an economical duplex stainless steel, also known as 2304 Duplex or UNS S32304. It combines the advantages of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, achieving a good balance between performance, cost and machinability.
Duplex Structure: Its microstructure is composed of approximately 50% ferrite and 50% austenite. This structure provides:
Higher Strength: Its yield strength and tensile strength are significantly higher than those of standard austenitic stainless steels (such as 304 and 316L), typically nearly double their value. This allows for thinner sections or higher loads, reducing weight and cost.
Good Toughness: It outperforms ferritic stainless steels.
Excellent Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance: Its resistance to SCC is significantly better than that of 300 series austenitic stainless steels (such as 304 and 316), especially in chloride-containing environments.
Good Ductility: It is easy to machine and form (although not as good as pure austenitic steels).
Good Corrosion Resistance:
Uniform Corrosion Resistance: Its corrosion resistance is comparable to or slightly better than that of 316L austenitic stainless steel in a variety of acids, bases, and salt solutions.
Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance: Due to its molybdenum (Mo) content and high chromium (Cr) and nitrogen (N) content, its pitting and crevice corrosion resistance is significantly superior to that of 304 and 316L. Its pitting resistance equivalent value is typically around 25.
Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance: This is one of its most prominent advantages, making it particularly suitable for environments containing chloride ions (such as seawater, chemical processes, and salt spray).
Economical:
The nickel (Ni) content (approximately 4-5%) is significantly lower than that of standard duplex steels such as 2205, resulting in lower raw material costs.
The higher strength allows for thinner designs, further reducing material costs.
This makes it a cost-effective choice for applications where the corrosion resistance of 316L is insufficient but the performance of 2205 is sufficient or the cost is too high.
S32304 is an economical duplex stainless steel designed to offer superior strength and chloride stress corrosion cracking resistance to standard austenitic stainless steels (such as 316L) at a lower cost. Its pitting and crevice corrosion resistance falls between that of 316L and S32205. It is an attractive option for applications where corrosion requirements are less extreme and cost is a significant consideration. However, when selecting the material, specific environmental conditions (temperature, chloride concentration, pH, etc.) must be carefully evaluated to ensure that its performance meets the requirements.
The chemical composition
C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | N | Cu |
≤0.030 | ≤2.50 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | ≤1.00 | 3.0-5.0 | 21.5-24.5 | 0.05-0.60 | 0.05-0.20 | 0.05-0.60 |
Mechanical properties
tensile strength( Mpa) | 0.2% yield strength ( Mpa) | Elongation A5(%) |
≥600 | ≥400 | ≥25 |
Density: 7.98 g/cm3
S32304 is an economical duplex stainless steel, also known as 2304 Duplex or UNS S32304. It combines the advantages of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, achieving a good balance between performance, cost and machinability.
Duplex Structure: Its microstructure is composed of approximately 50% ferrite and 50% austenite. This structure provides:
Higher Strength: Its yield strength and tensile strength are significantly higher than those of standard austenitic stainless steels (such as 304 and 316L), typically nearly double their value. This allows for thinner sections or higher loads, reducing weight and cost.
Good Toughness: It outperforms ferritic stainless steels.
Excellent Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance: Its resistance to SCC is significantly better than that of 300 series austenitic stainless steels (such as 304 and 316), especially in chloride-containing environments.
Good Ductility: It is easy to machine and form (although not as good as pure austenitic steels).
Good Corrosion Resistance:
Uniform Corrosion Resistance: Its corrosion resistance is comparable to or slightly better than that of 316L austenitic stainless steel in a variety of acids, bases, and salt solutions.
Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance: Due to its molybdenum (Mo) content and high chromium (Cr) and nitrogen (N) content, its pitting and crevice corrosion resistance is significantly superior to that of 304 and 316L. Its pitting resistance equivalent value is typically around 25.
Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance: This is one of its most prominent advantages, making it particularly suitable for environments containing chloride ions (such as seawater, chemical processes, and salt spray).
Economical:
The nickel (Ni) content (approximately 4-5%) is significantly lower than that of standard duplex steels such as 2205, resulting in lower raw material costs.
The higher strength allows for thinner designs, further reducing material costs.
This makes it a cost-effective choice for applications where the corrosion resistance of 316L is insufficient but the performance of 2205 is sufficient or the cost is too high.
S32304 is an economical duplex stainless steel designed to offer superior strength and chloride stress corrosion cracking resistance to standard austenitic stainless steels (such as 316L) at a lower cost. Its pitting and crevice corrosion resistance falls between that of 316L and S32205. It is an attractive option for applications where corrosion requirements are less extreme and cost is a significant consideration. However, when selecting the material, specific environmental conditions (temperature, chloride concentration, pH, etc.) must be carefully evaluated to ensure that its performance meets the requirements.
The chemical composition
C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | N | Cu |
≤0.030 | ≤2.50 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | ≤1.00 | 3.0-5.0 | 21.5-24.5 | 0.05-0.60 | 0.05-0.20 | 0.05-0.60 |
Mechanical properties
tensile strength( Mpa) | 0.2% yield strength ( Mpa) | Elongation A5(%) |
≥600 | ≥400 | ≥25 |
Density: 7.98 g/cm3
